DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
Delegation
of authority is “the process a manager follows in dividing the work assigned to
him so that he performs that part which only he, because of his unique
organisational placement, can perform effectively and so that he can get others
to help with what remains”
Advantages
} It enables the manager to
distribute their workload to others
} Subordinates need not approach
the boss every time
} It helps to improve job
satisfaction,motivation and morale of subordinates
} Delegation increases inter actions and
understanding among managers and subordinates
PROCESS
OF DELEGATION
1) Determination of results expected
2) Assignment of duties
3) Granting of authority
4) Creation of obligation
Determination
of results expected
First of
all, a manager has to define the results he wants to obtain from his
subordinates for the achivement of
organisational objectives
Assignment
of duties
The
manager then assigns specific duties or tasks to each subordinates. He must
clearly define the function of each subordinate.
Granting
of authority
Authority
is the right or power granted to an individual to make possible the performance
of work assigned
subordinates
are permitted to use resources, to take decisions and to exercise discretion
Creation
of obligation
The
subordinates to whom authority is delegated must be made answerable for the
proper performance of assigned duties and for the exercise of delegated
authority.
PRINCIPLES
OF DELEGATION
While
delegating authority, a manager should
observe the following principles
- Functional definition
- Delegation by results
expected
- Parity of authority and
responsibility
- Absoluteness of
responsibility
- Unity of command
- Authority level principle
Functional
definition
Before
delegating authority a manager should define clearly the function to be
performed by subordinates. The objective of each job, the activities involved
in it and its relationship with other jobs should be defined
Delegation
by results expected
Authority
should be delegated only after the results to be achieved by t he subordinates
are decided. This will enable them to know by what standards their performance
will be judged
Parity
of authority and responsibility
There
must be a proper balance between authority and responsibility of a subordinate.
Authority and responsibility must be co-extensive
Absoluteness
of responsibility
Responsibility
cannot be delegated. No manager can avoid his responsibility by delegating his
authority to subordinates.
Unity
of command
At one
time a subordinate should receive command and be accountable to only one
superior. If a person reports to two superiors for the same job, confusion and
conflict will arise.
Authority
level principle
Authority
level principle suggests that maintenance of intended delegation requires that
decisions with in the authority
competence of individuals are made by them and not referred in the
organisation structure
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